Bullying Jogo Ps2
Bullying is a widespread problem in American schools, with more than 16 percent of U.S. school children reporting that they had been bullied by other students during the current term, according to a survey funded by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD).
The study, which appears in the April 25, 2001, Journal of the American Medical Association, found that overall, 10 percent of children said they had been bullied by other students, but had not bullied others. Another 6 percent said that they had both been bullied themselves and had bullied other children. Meanwhile, 13 percent of students said they had bullied other students, but had not been bullied themselves.
“Being bullied is not just an unpleasant rite of passage through childhood,” said Duane Alexander, M.D., director of the NICHD. “It’s a public health problem that merits attention. People who were bullied as children are more likely to suffer from depression and low self-esteem, well into adulthood, and the bullies themselves are more likely to engage in criminal behavior later in life.”
The NICHD researchers surveyed 15,686 students in grades six-through-10, in public, parochial, and other private schools throughout the U.S. The nationally representative survey was part of the U.S. contribution to the World Health Organization’s Health Behavior in School Children survey, an international effort in which many countries surveyed school-age children on a broad spectrum of health-related behaviors.
For this study, researchers defined bullying as a type of behavior intended to harm or disturb the victim. Bullying may be physical, involving hitting or otherwise attacking the other person; verbal, involving name-calling or threats; or psychological, involving spreading rumors or excluding a person.
The children were asked to complete a questionnaire during a class period that asked how often they either bullied other students, or were the target of bullying behavior. A total of 10.6 percent of the children replied that they had “sometimes” bullied other children, a response category defined as “moderate” bullying. An additional 8.8 percent said they had bullied others once a week or more, defined as “frequent “bullying.
Similarly, 8.5 percent said they had been targets of moderate bullying, and 8.4 percent said they were bullied frequently. Out of all the students, 13 percent said they had engaged in moderate or frequent bullying of others, while 10.6 percent said they had been bullied either moderately or frequently.
Some students-6.3 percent-had both bullied others and been bullied themselves. In all, 29 percent of the students who responded to the survey had been involved in some aspect of bullying, either as a bully, as the target of bullying, or both.
According to a recent study conducted by researchers at the National Institutes of Health, youth who are the targets of cyberbullying at school are at greater risk for depression than are the youth who bully them. The new finding is in contrast to earlier studies of traditional bullying, which found that the highest
